Man Mysqlcheck en anglais
MYSQLCHECK(1) MySQL Database System MYSQLCHECK(1)
NAME
mysqlcheck - a table maintenance and repair program
SYNOPSIS
mysqlcheck [options] [db_name [tbl_name ...]]
DESCRIPTION
The mysqlcheck client checks, repairs, optimizes, and analyzes tables.
mysqlcheck is similar in function to myisamchk, but works differently.
The main operational difference is that mysqlcheck must be used when
the mysqld server is running, whereas myisamchk should be used when it
is not. The benefit of using mysqlcheck is that you do not have to stop
the server to check or repair your tables.
mysqlcheck uses the SQL statements CHECK TABLE, REPAIR TABLE, ANALYZE
TABLE, and OPTIMIZE TABLE in a convenient way for the user. It
determines which statements to use for the operation you want to
perform, and then sends the statements to the server to be executed.
For details about which storage engines each statement works with, see
the descriptions for those statements in Chapter 11, SQL Statement
Syntax.
The MyISAM storage engine supports all four statements, so mysqlcheck
can be used to perform all four operations on MyISAM tables. Other
storage engines do not necessarily support all operations. In such
cases, an error message is displayed. For example, if test.t is a
MEMORY table, an attempt to check it produces this result:
shell> mysqlcheck test t
test.t
note : The storage engine for the table doesn't support check
Caution
It is best to make a backup of a table before performing a table repair
operation; under some circumstances the operation might cause data
loss. Possible causes include but are not limited to filesystem errors.
There are three general ways to invoke mysqlcheck:
shell> mysqlcheck [options] db_name [tables]
shell> mysqlcheck [options] --databases db_name1 [db_name2 db_name3...]
shell> mysqlcheck [options] --all-databases
If you do not name any tables following db_name or if you use the
--databases or --all-databases option, entire databases are checked.
mysqlcheck has a special feature compared to other client programs. The
default behavior of checking tables (--check) can be changed by
renaming the binary. If you want to have a tool that repairs tables by
default, you should just make a copy of mysqlcheck named mysqlrepair,
or make a symbolic link to mysqlcheck named mysqlrepair. If you invoke
mysqlrepair, it repairs tables.
The following names can be used to change mysqlcheck default behavior:
+--------------+-----------------------+
|mysqlrepair | The default option is |
| | --repair |
+--------------+-----------------------+
|mysqlanalyze | The default option is |
| | --analyze |
+--------------+-----------------------+
|mysqloptimize | The default option is |
| | --optimize |
+--------------+-----------------------+
mysqlcheck supports the following options:
Table 4.4. mysqlcheck Option Reference
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|Format | Config File | Description | Introduced |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--all-databases | all-databases | Check all tables | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ in all databases +------------+
|-c | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--check-only-changed | check-only-changed | Check only | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ tables that have +------------+
|-C | | changed since | |
| | | the last check | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--check-upgrade | check-upgrade | Invoke CHECK | 5.0.19 |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ TABLE with the +------------+
|-g | | FOR UPGRADE | |
| | | option | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--compress | compress | Compress all | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ information sent +------------+
|-C | | between the | |
| | | client and the | |
| | | server | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--databases | databases | Process all | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ tables in the +------------+
|-B | | named databases | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|-# [debug_options] | debug | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ Write a +------------+
|-A | | debugging log | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ +------------+
|--debug[=debug_options] | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--default-character-set=charset_name | default-character-set | Use charset_name | |
| | | as the default | |
| | | character set | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--extended | extended | Check and repair | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ tables +------------+
|-e | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--fast | fast | Check only | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ tables that have +------------+
|-F | | not been closed | |
| | | properly | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--force | force | Continue even if | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ an SQL error +------------+
|-f | | occurs | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--help | | Display help | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ message and exit +------------+
|-? | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--all-in-1 | all-in-1 | Execute a single | |
| | | statement for | |
| | | each database | |
| | | that names all | |
| | | the tables from | |
| | | that database | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--host=host_name | host | Connect to the | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ MySQL server on +------------+
|-h host_name | | the given host | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--medium-check | medium-check | Do a check that | |
| | | is faster than | |
| | | an --extended | |
| | | operation | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--optimize | optimize | Optimize the | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ tables +------------+
|-o | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--password[=password] | password | The password to | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ use when +------------+
|-p[password] | | connecting to | |
| | | the server | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--port=port_num | port | The TCP/IP port | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ number to use +------------+
|-P port_num | | for the | |
| | | connection | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY} | protocol | The connection | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ protocol to use +------------+
|-1 | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--quick | quick | The fastest | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ method of +------------+
|-q | | checking | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--repair | repair | Perform a repair | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ that can fix +------------+
|-r | | almost anything | |
| | | except unique | |
| | | keys that are | |
| | | not unique | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--silent | silent | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ Silent mode +------------+
|-s | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--socket=path | socket | For connections | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ to localhost +------------+
|-S path | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--ssl-ca=file_name | ssl-ca | The path to a | |
| | | file that | |
| | | contains a list | |
| | | of trusted SSL | |
| | | CAs | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--ssl-capath=directory_name | ssl-capath | The path to a | |
| | | directory that | |
| | | contains trusted | |
| | | SSL CA | |
| | | certificates in | |
| | | PEM format | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--analyze | analyze | Analyze the | |
| | | tables | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--ssl-cert=file_name | ssl-cert | The name of the | |
| | | SSL certificate | |
| | | file to use for | |
| | | establishing a | |
| | | secure | |
| | | connection | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--ssl-cipher=cipher_list | ssl-cipher | A list of | |
| | | allowable | |
| | | ciphers to use | |
| | | for SSL | |
| | | encryption | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--ssl-key=file_name | ssl-key | The name of the | |
| | | SSL key file to | |
| | | use for | |
| | | establishing a | |
| | | secure | |
| | | connection | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--ssl-verify-server-cert | ssl-verify-server-cert | The server's | |
| | | Common Name | |
| | | value in its | |
| | | certificate is | |
| | | verified | |
| | | against the | |
| | | hostname used | |
| | | when connecting | |
| | | to the server | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--tables | tables | Overrides the | |
| | | --databases or | |
| | | -B option | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--use-frm | use-frm | For repair | |
| | | operations on | |
| | | MyISAM tables | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--user=user_name, | user | The MySQL | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ username to use +------------+
|-u user_name | | when connecting | |
| | | to the server | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--verbose | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ +------------+
|-v | | Verbose mode | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ +------------+
|-a | | | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--version | | Display version | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+ information and +------------+
|-V | | exit | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--auto-repair | auto-repair | If a checked | |
| | | table is | |
| | | corrupted, | |
| | | automatically | |
| | | fix it | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--character-sets-dir=path | character-sets-dir | The directory | |
| | | where character | |
| | | sets are | |
| | | installed | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
|--check | check | Check the tables | |
| | | for errors | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------+------------------+------------+
o --help, -?
Display a help message and exit.
o --all-databases, -A
Check all tables in all databases. This is the same as using the
--databases option and naming all the databases on the command line.
o --all-in-1, -1
Instead of issuing a statement for each table, execute a single
statement for each database that names all the tables from that
database to be processed.
o --analyze, -a
Analyze the tables.
o --auto-repair
If a checked table is corrupted, automatically fix it. Any necessary
repairs are done after all tables have been checked.
o --character-sets-dir=path
The directory where character sets are installed. See Section 2,
"The Character Set Used for Data and Sorting".
o --check, -c
Check the tables for errors. This is the default operation.
o --check-only-changed, -C
Check only tables that have changed since the last check or that
have not been closed properly.
o --check-upgrade, -g
Invoke CHECK TABLE with the FOR UPGRADE option to check tables for
incompatibilities with the current version of the server. This
option was added in MySQL 5.0.19.
o --compress
Compress all information sent between the client and the server if
both support compression.
o --databases, -B
Process all tables in the named databases. Normally, mysqlcheck
treats the first name argument on the command line as a database
name and following names as table names. With this option, it treats
all name arguments as database names.
o --debug[=debug_options], -# [debug_options]
Write a debugging log. A typical debug_options string is often
'd:t:o,file_name'.
o --default-character-set=charset_name
Use charset_name as the default character set. See Section 2, "The
Character Set Used for Data and Sorting".
o --extended, -e
If you are using this option to check tables, it ensures that they
are 100% consistent but takes a long time.
If you are using this option to repair tables, it runs an extended
repair that may not only take a long time to execute, but may
produce a lot of garbage rows also!
o --fast, -F
Check only tables that have not been closed properly.
o --force, -f
Continue even if an SQL error occurs.
o --host=host_name, -h host_name
Connect to the MySQL server on the given host.
o --medium-check, -m
Do a check that is faster than an --extended operation. This finds
only 99.99% of all errors, which should be good enough in most
cases.
o --optimize, -o
Optimize the tables.
o --password[=password], -p[password]
The password to use when connecting to the server. If you use the
short option form (-p), you cannot have a space between the option
and the password. If you omit the password value following the
--password or -p option on the command line, you are prompted for
one.
Specifying a password on the command line should be considered
insecure. See Section 5.6, "Keeping Your Password Secure".
o --port=port_num, -P port_num
The TCP/IP port number to use for the connection.
o --protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}
The connection protocol to use.
o --quick, -q
If you are using this option to check tables, it prevents the check
from scanning the rows to check for incorrect links. This is the
fastest check method.
If you are using this option to repair tables, it tries to repair
only the index tree. This is the fastest repair method.
o --repair, -r
Perform a repair that can fix almost anything except unique keys
that are not unique.
o --silent, -s
Silent mode. Print only error messages.
o --socket=path, -S path
For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on
Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.
o --ssl*
Options that begin with --ssl specify whether to connect to the
server via SSL and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates.
See Section 5.7.3, "SSL Command Options".
o --tables
Overrides the --databases or -B option. All name arguments following
the option are regarded as table names.
o --use-frm
For repair operations on MyISAM tables, get the table structure from
the .frm file so that the table can be repaired even if the .MYI
header is corrupted.
o --user=user_name, -u user_name
The MySQL username to use when connecting to the server.
o --verbose, -v
Verbose mode. Print information about the various stages of program
operation.
o --version, -V
Display version information and exit.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007-2008 MySQL AB
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
SEE ALSO
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which
may already be installed locally and which is also available online at
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
AUTHOR
MySQL AB (http://www.mysql.com/).
MySQL 5.0 01/11/2008 MYSQLCHECK(1)
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