Man Tar en anglais
TAR(1)                                                                  TAR(1)



 

NAME


       tar - The GNU version of the tar archiving utility

 

SYNOPSIS


       tar  [ - ] A --catenate --concatenate | c --create | d --diff --compare
       | --delete | r --append | t --list | u --update | x --extract  --get  [
       options ] pathname [ pathname ... ]

 

DESCRIPTION






       This  manual  page documents the GNU version of tar , an archiving pro-
       gram designed to store and extract files from an archive file known  as
       a  tarfile.  A tarfile may be made on a tape drive, however, it is also
       common to write a tarfile to a normal file.  The first argument to  tar
       must  be  one  of  the options: Acdrtux, followed by any optional func-
       tions.  The final arguments to tar are the names of the files or direc-
       tories  which  should  be  archived. The use of a directory name always
       implies that  the  subdirectories  below  should  be  included  in  the
       archive.

 

EXAMPLES


       tar -xvvf foo.tar
              extract foo.tar

       tar -xvvzf foo.tar.gz
              extract gzipped foo.tar.gz

       tar -cvvf foo.tar foo/
              tar contents of folder foo in foo.tar

 

FUNCTION LETTERS


       One of the following options must be used:

       -A, --catenate, --concatenate
              append tar files to an archive

       -c, --create
              create a new archive

       -d, --diff, --compare
              find differences between archive and file system

       --delete
              delete from the archive (not for use on mag tapes!)

       -r, --append
              append files to the end of an archive

       -t, --list
              list the contents of an archive

       -u, --update
              only append files that are newer than copy in archive

       -x, --extract, --get
              extract files from an archive

 

OTHER OPTIONS


       --allow-name-mangling
              re-enable  handling  of  GNUTYPE_NAMES  which is now disabled by
              default

       --anchored
              force exclusion patterns to match initial subsequences

       --atime-preserve
              don't change access times on dumped files

       -b, --blocking-factor N
              use record size of Nx512 bytes (default N=20)

       -B, --read-full-records
              reblock as we read (for reading 4.2BSD pipes)

       --backup[=TYPE]
              back up files instead of overwriting  (TYPE=numbered,  existing,
              simple)

       -C, --directory DIR
              change to directory DIR

       --checkpoint
              print periodic checkpoints

       --exclude=PATTERN
              exclude files matching PATTERN

       -f, --file [HOSTNAME:]F
              use archive file or device F (default "-", meaning stdin/stdout)

       -F, --info-script F, --new-volume-script F
              run script at end of each tape (implies -M)

       --force-local
              archive file is local even if it has a colon

       -G, --incremental
              create/list/extract old GNU-format incremental backup

       -g, --listed-incremental F
              create/list/extract new GNU-format incremental backup

       --group G
              set group to G while adding files

       -h, --dereference
              don't dump symlinks; dump the files they point to

       --help print help message

       -i, --ignore-zeros
              ignore blocks of zeros in archive (normally mean EOF)

       --ignore-case
              ignore case when excluding files

       --ignore-failed-read
              don't exit with non-zero status on unreadable files

       -j, --bzip2
              filter archive through bzip2,  use  to  decompress  .bz2  files.
              WARNING:  some previous versions of tar used option -I to filter
              through bzip2.  When writing scripts, use --bzip2 instead of  -j
              so that both older and newer tar versions will work.

       -k, --keep-old-files
              keep existing files; don't overwrite them from archive

       -K, --starting-file F
              begin at file F in the archive

       -l, --check-links
              print a message if not all links are dumped

       -L, --tape-length N
              change tapes after writing N*1024 bytes

       -m, --touch
              don't extract file modified time

       -M, --multi-volume
              create/list/extract multi-volume archive

       --mode M
              set permissions to M while adding files

       -N, --after-date DATE, --newer DATE
              only store files newer than DATE

       --newer-mtime DATE
              only store files whose contents have changed after DATE

       --no-anchored
              allow exclusion patterns to match any substring (the default)

       --no-ignore-case
              match patterns case sensitively (the default)

       --no-recursion
              do not recurse into subdirectories

       -o, --no-same-owner
              extract  files  with  owner set to current user (the default for
              non-root users)

       --no-same-permissions
              apply umask to extracted files (the default for non-root users)

       --no-wildcards
              do not use wildcards when excluding files

       --no-wildcards-match-slash
              don't let wildcards match "/" when excluding files

       --null for -T, use "NUL" instead of newline as filename terminator

       --numeric-owner
              always use numbers for user/group names

       --old-archive, --portability
              write a V7 format  archive,  rather  than  ANSI  format.   These
              options are deprecated, please use --format=v7 instead.

       --one-file-system
              stay in local file system when creating an archive

       --owner O
              set owner to O while adding files

       -O, --to-stdout
              extract files to standard output

       -p, --same-permissions, --preserve-permissions
              ignore umask when extracting files (the default for root)

       -P, --absolute-names
              don't strip leading `/'s from file names

       --posix
              create  POSIX  compliant  archive.   This  option is deprecated,
              please use --format=posix instead.

       --preserve
              like -p -s

       -R, --block-number
              show block number within archive with each message

       --record-size SIZE
              use SIZE bytes per record

       --recursion
              recurse into directories (the default)

       --recursive-unlink
              remove existing directories before extracting directories of the
              same name

       --remove-files
              remove files after adding them to the archive

       --rsh-command=CMD
              Use remote COMMAND instead of `rsh'.  This option exists so that
              people who use something other than the standard `rsh' (e.g.,  a
              Kerberized `rsh') can access a remote device.

       -S, --sparse
              handle sparse files efficiently

       -s, --same-order, --preserve-order
              list of names to extract is sorted to match archive

       --same-owner
              extract  files  with  owner as specified in archive (the default
              for root)

       --show-omitted-dirs
              mention directories that are being skipped over

       --suffix SUFFIX
              append SUFFIX to make backup files (default ~)

       -T, --files-from F
              get names to extract or archive from file F

       --totals
              display total bytes written after creating an archive

       -U, --unlink-first
              unlink & recreate files instead of overwriting

       --use-compress-program PROG
              filter the archive through PROG (which must accept -d)

       -v, --verbose
              verbosely list files processed

       -V, --label NAME
              create archive with volume name NAME

       --version
              print tar program version number

       --volno-file F
              keep track of current volume (of a multi-volume archive) in F

       -w, --interactive, --confirmation
              ask for confirmation for every action

       -W, --verify
              attempt to verify the archive after writing it

       --wildcards
              use wildcards when excluding files (the default)

       --wildcards-match-slash
              allow wildcards to match "/" (the default)

       -X, --exclude-from=FILE
              exclude files matching patterns listed in FILE

       -Z, --compress, --uncompress
              filter the archive through compress

       -z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip
              filter the archive through gzip

       -[0-7][lmh]
              specify drive and density

 

BUGS


       The GNU folks, in general, abhor man pages, and create  info  documents
       instead.   Unfortunately,  the info document describing tar is licensed
       under the GFDL with invariant cover texts, which  violates  the  Debian
       Free  Software Guidelines.  As a result, the info documentation for tar
       is not included in the Debian package.

       If you want to read the complete  documentation  for  GNU  tar,  please
       refer  to  the  online version at .

       This man page was created for the Debian  distribution.   It  does  not
       describe  all of the functionality of tar, and it is often out of date.
       Patches to improve the coverage and/or accuracy of this  man  page  are
       appreciated,  and should be filed as wishlist severity bugs against the
       Debian tar package, not submitted to the GNU tar maintainers.



                                  15 May 2006                           TAR(1)